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What Training does a Nephrologist
Require?
A Nephrologist is a
physician who has been trained in the diagnosis and
management of kidney disease, by regulating blood pressure,
regulating electrolytes,
balancing fluids in the body, and administering
dialysis. Nephrologists treat many different kidney
disorders including acid-base disorders, electrolyte disorders,
nephrolithiasis (kidney stones), hypertension (high blood
pressure), acute kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
Nephrology is a subspecialty of internal medicine. In the United
States, after medical schoolnephrologists
complete a three year residency in internal medicine followed by
a two year (or longer)
fellowship in nephrology.
Knowledge of internal medicine is required to obtain
certification. To become a nephrologist requires many years of
school and training. Nephrologists also must be approved by the
board. To be approved, the physician must fulfill the
requirements for education and training in nephrology in order
to qualify to take the board's examination. If a physician
passes the examination, then he or she can become a nephrology
specialist. Typically, nephrologists also need two to three
years of training in an
ACGMEorAOAaccredited
fellowship in nephrology. Only pediatric trained physicians are
able to train in pediatric nephrology, and internal medicine
(adult) trained physicians may enter general (adult) nephrology
fellowships.
Information that a nephrologist learns in training are fluid and
acid base and electrolyte physiology, medical management of
acute and chronic renal
failure, glomerular and vascular disorders,
tubular/interstitial disorders, mineral metabolism, clinical
pharmacology,, hypertension, epidemiology, and nutrition.
Procedures a nephrologist may learn in a training program
include native and transplant kidney biopsies, ultrasound
guidance, placement of temporary dialysis catheters, placement
of tunneled hemodialysiscatheters
and placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters. Nearly all
programs train nephrologists in continuous renal replacement
therapy; fewer than half train in the provision of
plasmapheresis. Once training is satisfactorily completed, the physician
is eligible to take the ABIM or AOBIM nephrology examination.
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